Non‐invasive urine markers for the differentiation
2021-5-7 · Beyond this, the pre-surgical differentiation between benign and malignant kidney tumors based on the cross-sectional imaging fails to diagnose benign masses in more than 20% of all small lesions (<4 cm). 12 Therefore, a non-invasive test for the differentiation between benign and malignant RCCs is of great importance, especially with a view toward preventing the overtreatment of patients. Nevertheless, two other urine markers are also reported to be upregulated in urine …
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